Recently found a phenomenon: more and more pure electric vehicles, when sold will be equipped with two different kinds of batteries. One is lithium iron phosphate battery, the other is ternary lithium battery.
So this will give consumers two questions:
- what is the difference between these two types of batteries?
- how to choose?
Batteries, since its birth, has come into thousands of households for many years. From small TV remote controls to today's cars, we can't live without batteries.
And in the car as a medium for energy storage battery, has also been divided into many types, such as the public's familiar lead-acid batteries, lithium ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Lead-acid batteries due to its energy storage effect is not good, so are supplied to those "old man music" market, low cost is its biggest advantage. So the type of battery on the market, mainly lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium batteries. So between them, what are the advantages and disadvantages?
Safety
Tributary lithium batteries in the pinprick test, will be due to internal short circuit and instantaneous fire and explosion; and lithium iron phosphate batteries are pierced after the reaction time will be relatively long, and will not fire and explosion, really "light smoke".
Service life
Lithium iron phosphate battery due to its chemical properties, after several consecutive charges and discharges, the battery power is still high. Experimental data show that the lithium iron phosphate battery in the complete charge and discharge 2000 times later, the remaining battery capacity of about 80%. In this regard, the ternary lithium battery performance is far inferior to lithium iron phosphate.
Cost of construction
As the raw materials for lithium iron phosphate batteries are produced in large quantities in China, which means that the cost of cars equipped with lithium iron phosphate batteries is lower, and their selling price is lower.
On the contrary, ternary lithium batteries, the highest proportion of raw materials cobalt elements rely on imports, resulting in the high cost of ternary lithium batteries, and ultimately reflected in the vehicle price.
Low temperature decay
Some data show that when the outside temperature is -10%, lithium iron phosphate battery in the charge and discharge 100 times later, the capacity will drop to about 20%. When winter comes, the use of the northern region is prone to strain.
On the contrary, ternary lithium batteries, at -20%, can maintain 60% of the battery capacity, so in terms of resistance to low-temperature decay, ternary lithium batteries to be a little better. And lithium iron phosphate battery performance is poor.
Charging consistency
In the case of fast charging, due to the relatively poor consistency of lithium iron phosphate battery pack, after continuous charging, charging efficiency will be a substantial decline. On the contrary, the ternary lithium battery side, as it will not appear this situation.
Energy Density
In the case of the same volume size, ternary lithium batteries compared to lithium iron phosphate batteries, can store more power. This means that carrying the same volume of batteries, ternary lithium batteries will last longer than lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Summary, the advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries mainly lies in: safety, long service life, low cost, the disadvantage is too much low-temperature decay, poor battery consistency, low energy density. Tributary lithium batteries have the advantage of: low temperature decay less, good battery consistency, high energy density, the disadvantage is poor safety, high cost, low service life.
Who is suitable for the purchase of cars equipped with lithium iron phosphate batteries?
- Live in areas where the temperature is not less than 0 ℃
- Vehicle charging frequency is high
- The range requirements are not high
Who is suitable to buy the car equipped with ternary lithium battery?
- Live in areas where the temperature is lower than 0℃
- Do not have a fixed home slow-charging charging station
- Have long range requirements
Through the comparison we learned that, between lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium batteries, there is no saying who is the best solution to install the car, they have advantages and disadvantages between each other.
For users who intend to or have purchased pure electric vehicles (except for operation), I know that a large proportion of them are not home charging conditions. So how to buy a pure electric car for yourself and your whole family is especially critical.
